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Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolics, Flavonoids Contents, Total Antioxidant Capacity and Antifungal Activity of Cymbopogon giganteus Extracts from Burkina Faso

Remy K Bationo, Constantin M Dabire, Adama Hema, Shemaeza Bonzi, Roger H Ch Nebie, Eloi Pale, Irenee Somda, SP Dhanabal and Mouhoussine Nacro

Extracts obtained from roots, stems, leaves and flowers of Cymbopogon giganteus using hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and methanol were screened for their phytochemicals, total phenolics content, (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), total antioxidant content (TAC) and for their antifungal activity. Tannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids and alkaloids were mainly found in extracts, depending of the solvent used for extraction.

TAC were evaluated using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging assays. Results from FRAP assay showed that methanolic flower extracts had highest TAC (112.94 ± 2.4 μg TE/mg of extracts), followed by leaves (68.56 ± 7.53 μg TE/mg of extract), roots (45.17 ± 4.28 μg TE/mg of extracts) and stems (39.21 ± 2.34 μg TE/mg of extract). The highest TPC were found in methanolic flowers extracts (171.17 ± 1.42 GAE/mg of extract) whereas DCM and ethyl acetate roots extracts exhibited the best TFC with respectively 348.34 ± 12.48 and 323.86 ± 31.55 μg of QE/mg of extract.

Only methanolic extracts of C. giganteus different parts were tested at 10 mg/mL on four local fungi. Results showed that methanolic roots extracts had an inhibitory effect of 16.16%, 19.15% and 10.79% respectively on the radial growth of Fusarium moniliforme, Phoma sorghina and Aspergillus flavius. Methanolic flowers extracts only inhibited Fusarium moniliforme radial growth at 19.4171% and Aspergillus flavius at 7.11%. None of plant parts extracts showed an inhibitory effect on Bypolaris orezae.