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Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Anthocyanin Pigments from Hibiscus sabdariffa (Rosella) and its Phytochemical Activity at Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Almahy HA, Abdel-Razik HH, El-Badry YA and Ibrahim AM

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanin pigments and the main phytochemical constituents from Hibiscus sabdariffa (Rosella) was performed using an ultrasonic bath at 30°C using a mixture of EtOH:H2O (80:20) for 20 min. The results indicated that Roselle flowers contained anthocyanins (61.55%), flavonoids (14.22%) and polyphenol (24.23%) which are the main phytochemical groups with biological activities. A reverse phase HPLC analysis gave four different Hibiscus sabdariffa anthocyanin components. Such components were separated and known as delphinidin 3-O-sambubioside and cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside are the major anthocyanins; while the absorbance of these two anthocyanins is four-fold lower than that of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside. Moreover, in the present study, we identified 18 phenolic acids detected at 280 nm.